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Many presume that because you can buy a medication at the grocery store without a prescription, it is safe to take at any time and for any one. This is not true. Over-the-counter (OTC) are drugs and can harm the fetus. Some medications are safe to use as needed, while others should be avoided completely. Another consideration are the inactive ingredients added to an OTC; the preservatives, colorings, and flavorings may have unattended interactions. If you are experiencing pregnancy discomforts, please talk to your care provider about it. There may be a safer alternative to resolving the issue. There also may be a time during pregnancy that is safer to take the over-the-counter medicine.
Avoid completely during pregnancy:
Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially naproxen |
Cimetidine- antisecretory agent | Sympathomimetics- no known risk expect for phenylpropanolmine |
Tretinoin for acne | Excessive amounts of Vitamins A, D, E, C, B3 (Niacin), B6 or B9 |
Hydrocortisone | Anti-nausea drugs like Unisom and Bendectin |
Safe to use sparingly:
*Avoiding all OTCs during the first trimester is advised
*Never exceed dosing instructions on the label
*Be sure to read the labels for the active ingredients- brand names and formulations change
Acetaminophen | Ibuprofen, is okay for very short term use |
Expectorants, like Guaifenesin | Antihistamines, especially diphenhyramine is safe; but not brompheniramine |
Kaolin/pectin | Bismuth subsalicylate, not for use after month 4 of pregnancy |
Simethicone- antiflatulent | Docusate salts- laxative |
Ranitidine- antosecretory agent | Antacids- magnesium and/or aluminum hydroxide |
Benzoyl peroxide for ance | RDA amounts of vitamins |
Pediculicides for lice | Antihemorrhoidals that do not contain hydrocortisone |
Additional resources may include a family practitioner or a pharmacist.
Books: PDR Family Guide to Over-the Counter Drugs by the Physician’s Desk Reference or The Facts about Over-The Counter Drugs by Lorrie Klosterman
Websites:
References:
Frye, A. (2010). Holistic Midwifery: A comprehensive textbook for midwives in homebirth practice. Portland, OR: Labrys Press.
Tillett, J., Kostich, L., & VandeVusse, L. (2003). Use of over-the-counter medications during pregnancy. Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 17(1), 3-18. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
***This is general information. Please speak to your health care provider about your unique health needs.
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